请允许我现在介绍一下我们的毕业典礼演讲嘉宾。

埃隆·马斯克今天能加入我们，确实是我们的荣幸。

他不太需要什么介绍，但请允许我简单介绍一下他。他在南非长大，在沃顿商学院取得学位，来到加利福尼亚，创办了一家公司，合并进一家公司，卖掉了一家名为 PayPal 的公司。你们当中有些人可能用过它。

此后，他成为了 Tesla Motors 的首席执行官和 SpaceX 的首席执行官。

而且在他的头脑中，他有很多绝妙的想法。我知道，今天能请到他与我们相聚，确实是我们的荣幸和殊荣。埃隆·马斯克先生。

好的，谢谢。那么我。我显然大约有5或6分钟的时间，来说出我能想到的最有用的事情。我会尽力。这个。有人建议我把内容提炼成3点。3项。我想我会讲4项。而且我会试着。我认为，我认为这些都是相当重要的。有些听起来会像是，嗯，你以前听过，但值得再次强调。我认为第一点是，你需要工作。

这取决于你想做得多好，尤其是如果你正在创办一家公司，你就需要极其努力地工作。那么极其努力是什么意思？嗯，当我和弟弟创办我们的第一家公司时，我们没有租公寓，只租了一间小办公室，我们睡在沙发上，在基督教青年会洗澡。而且我们热得不得了，我们只有1台电脑，所以网站白天上线，我晚上写代码。

每周7天，一直如此。那段时间我算是短暂地交过一个女朋友，而为了和我在一起，她不得不睡在办公室里。所以要努力工作。比如，我是说，清醒着的每个小时。这就是我要说的，如果，如果你，尤其是如果你正在创办一家公司，而且我的意思是，如果你做个简单的计算，比如说，好吧，如果别人工作50小时，而你工作100小时，那么在1年里，你完成的事情会是另一家公司的2倍那么多。

我要说的另一件事是，如果你正在创建一家公司，或者如果你要加入一家公司，最重要的事情是，要，要吸引优秀的人才。所以，要么与一个很了不起、你真正尊重的团队共事，加入他们；要么，如果你正在创建一家公司，你就必须聚集优秀的人才。我的意思是，一家公司无非就是一群聚集在一起创造产品或服务的人。因此，这个团队多有才华、多么勤奋，以及他们在多大程度上齐心协力、专注于一个正确的方向，将决定公司的成功。

所以要尽你所能聚集优秀的人才。如果你正在创建一家公司，那么我要说，要重信号、轻噪声。很多公司会感到困惑。他们把钱花在实际上不能让产品变得更好的事情上。比如，在 Tesla，我们从未在广告上花过任何钱。我们把所有资金都投入研发、制造和设计，力求让汽车尽可能好。

我认为这才是正确的做法。所以对于任何一家公司，都要不断思考，人们正在扩展的这些努力，是否带来了更好的产品或服务？如果没有，就停止这些努力。然后最后一件事是，就是某种程度上不要只是追随潮流。那么你可能听我说过，按照物理学的第一性原理方法思考是有益的，也就是说，不要通过类比推理，而是把事物归结为你能想象到的最基本真理，再从那里向上推理。

而这是判断某件事是否真的讲得。讲得通，还是仅仅是其他所有人都在做的事情的一个好方法。

这样思考很难。你不可能对所有事情都这样思考。这需要付出很多努力。但如果你正试图做一些新事情，这是最好的思考方式。而且这个框架是由物理学家发展出来的，用以弄清量子力学之类违反直觉的事物。所以这确实是一种强大、强大的方法。

总之，那么这就是。而且我认为，我最后要鼓励你们做的事情是，现在正是冒险的时候。你们没有。对，你们没有。你们没有。你们没有孩子。你们有义。嗯，抱歉，可能没有孩子。

这个。

但随着年龄增长，你们的责任会增加，而一旦有了家庭，你们开始冒险时，所冒的风险就不再只是由自己承担，也会由家人承担。去做那些可能无法成功的事情会难得多。所以在承担那些责任之前，现在正是去做这些事的时候。因此，我鼓励你们现在去冒险。做一些大胆的事。你们不会后悔的。谢谢。

Let me take this second to introduce our commencement speaker.

It truly is a privilege to have Elon Musk join us today.

He doesn't need much of an introduction, but let me tell you a little bit about him. He grew up in South Africa, got his degrees from Wharton, came to California, started a company, merged into a company, sold a company called PayPal. Some of you might use it.

He then has gone on to become the CEO of Tesla Motors and the CEO of SpaceX.

And in his mind, he has lots of brilliant ideas. I know it's truly an honor and a privilege to have him join us today. Mr. Elon Musk.

All right, thank you. So I've. I've got about apparently five or six minutes to say the most useful things I can think of. I'm going to do my best. The. And it was suggested that I distill things down to three. Three items. I think I'll go with four. And I'll try. I think, I think these are pretty important ones. Some of them are going to sound like, well, you've heard it before, but are worth re emphasizing. I think the first is you need to work.

Depending upon how well you want to do and particularly if you're starting a company, you need to work super hard. So what does super hard mean? Well, when my brother and I were starting our first company, instead of getting an apartment, we just rented a small office and we slept on the couch and we showered at the ymca. And we're so hot up, we had just one computer, so the website was up during the day and I was coding at night.

Seven days a week, all the time. And I sort of briefly had a girlfriend in that period and in order to be with me, she had to sleep in the office. So work hard. Like, I mean, every waking hour. That's the thing I would say if, if you, particularly if you're starting a company and I mean, if you do simple math, say like, okay, if somebody else is working 50 hours and you're working 100, you'll get twice as done as much done in the course of a year as the other company.

The other thing I'd say is that if you're creating a company or if you're joining a company, the most important thing is to, is to attract great people. So either be with, join a group that's amazing that you really respect, or if you're building a company, you've got to gather great people. I mean, all a company is, is a group of people that have gathered together to create a product or service. And so, depending upon how talented and hard working that group is, and degree to which they are focused cohesively in a good direction, that will determine the success of the company.

So do everything you can to gather great people. If you're creating a company, then I'd say focus on signal over noise. A lot of companies get confused. They spend money on things that don't actually make the product better. So for example, at Tesla, we've never spent any money on advertising. We put all of the money into R and D and manufacturing and design to try to make the car as good as possible.

And I think that's the way to go. So for any given company, just keep thinking about, are these efforts that people are expanding, are they resulting in a better product or service? And if they're not, stop those efforts. And then the final thing is, is to sort of don't just follow the trend. So you may have heard me say that it's good to think in terms of the physics approach of first principles, which is rather than reasoning by analogy, you boil things down to the most fundamental truths you can imagine and you reason up from there.

And this is a good way to figure out if something really makes. Makes sense or if it's just what everybody else is doing.

It's hard to think that way. You can't think that way about everything. It takes a lot of effort. But if you're trying to do something new, it's the best way to think. And that framework was developed by physicists to figure out counterintuitive things like quantum mechanics. So it's really a powerful, powerful method.

And anyway, so that's. And then I think that the final thing I would encourage you to do is now is the time to take risk. You don't have. Yeah, you don't. You don't have. You don't have kids. You're oblig. Well, sorry, Probably not kids.

The.

But as you get older, your obligations increase, and once you have a family, you start taking risk, not just for yourself, but for your family as well. It gets much harder to do things that might not work out. So now is the time to do that before you have those obligations. So I would encourage you to take risks now. Do something bold. You won't regret it. Thank you.