机器翻译,已尽力保留原意与数字
内容摘要
雷恩·威尔逊采访马斯克,探讨成为多行星物种、火星殖民以及人生的重大问题。
Rainn Wilson interviews Musk on becoming a multi-planet species, Mars colonization and life's big questions.
中文实录Transcript
18 个段落
第 1 段
[ 爆炸声 ] -啊!-好吧,好吧,好吧。欢迎来到我的脱口秀。-啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊!-[ 轻笑 ] -啜饮一口你的灵魂,就着一杯形而上奶昔 -[ 轻笑 ] 美味的鸡肉汉堡。[ 笑 ] 当然。[ 笑 ] -你也许是个亿万富翁……-对。-……企业家、发明家……非凡人物。我的鸡肉汉堡你一口也别想吃。-好吧。没问题。没有鸡肉汉堡我也行。-太好吃了。-[ 笑 ] -先生。
第 2 段
马斯克——我能称你为“马斯克先生”吗?-可以,当然。-马斯克先生发明了——协助共同创办了 PayPal,然后是 Tesla Motors,接着——如果这还不够的话——SpaceX。现在你又进入了太阳能领域——叫什么来着,SolarCity?-对。SolarCity,是的。-你可能是有史以来第1个坐在厢式车后面的亿万富翁。所以,如你所知,这辆车有一些非常特别、奇异的特性。你想去哪里?任何地方。
第 3 段
宇宙中的任何地方。-火星。哇,我们到了。-你为什么想去火星?-因为我认为,那里是人类成为多行星物种和太空文明的最佳地点,因为我认为这是我们能够实现的最重要的事情之一。事实上,我认为它重要到实际上足以与进化本身处于同一尺度。
第 4 段
你知道,我认为它或许至少和生命从海洋走向陆地一样重要。如果我们身处2颗行星,意识长期存在的概率就会大得多。-为什么我们身处2颗行星,意识就能长期存在?-嗯,因为如果地球发生某种灾难性的事件,生命仍会存在于另一颗行星上。-你比我聪明多了。
第 5 段
-[ 笑 ] -所以,我只想正式说明这一点。那么,人们要去火星的话,该怎么实现?比如,会发生什么?-嗯,你需要一艘把你带到火星的大型宇宙飞船,然后你必须在火星着陆。-然后,人类到了那里做什么?-嗯,我想最初——-打排球还是什么?-最初,人们会致力于建设火星基地。
第 6 段
我们得住在加压穹顶里,但随着时间推移,你可以对这颗行星进行地球化改造,让它变得像地球。-但火星那里很冷,不是吗?-对,所以你必须让它升温。-你在那里得需要很多羽绒被。-实际上,你可以通过排放温室气体让这颗行星升温,有点像我们正在地球上做的事。我们正在地球这里学到很多这方面的知识。
第 7 段
所以,我们只要在火星上那么做,就会让这颗行星升温。它会让大气层变得更厚。而且,火星的大气是二氧化碳,所以当你种植植物时,植物会把二氧化碳转化为氧气。-你能在火星土壤里种植地球植物?-没错。-那么,这艘飞船会回来吗?-会。
第 8 段
-你们去火星时,是不是都会抱着类似“我要死在火星上”的想法,所以你们会带上健康的人,而他们就打算在火星上度过余下的30到40年之类的?-我想大多数人去火星都是为了搬到火星,但宇宙飞船会回来,因为否则前往火星的成本就太高了。-你能想象第1个在火星出生的婴儿吗?-对,那会是件大事。
第 9 段
-那会很怪异,对吧?-对。那个可怜的孩子会承受很大压力。-对。-他会是个火星人。-第1个火星人。-第1个火星人!-没错。-以一种动物的气味命名是什么感觉?-这当然让我在初中时遭受了很多嘲笑。那是肯定的。-我知道那是什么感觉。我的名字是雷恩。-[ 轻笑 ] 对,对。-所以,我完全相信科学/我是说,科学并不是你去相信的东西。
第 10 段
它就是客观存在的东西。但你刚才提到了某种反向气候变化。不过,让我抓狂的是那些否认气候变化的人。这到底是怎么回事?难道只是因为它被政治化得太严重,以至于他们已经不再相信科学家了吗?-我认为这往往是因为问题的表述方式不对。因为他们经常会说:“那么,我们怎么能确定二氧化碳排放会导致全球变暖?”
第 11 段
如果你问一位科学家:“你对任何事情能确定吗?”他们通常会说:“嗯,不能,我们无法确定。几乎没有任何事情是我们能确定的。”-对。-但科学界压倒性的观点是,二氧化碳正在导致全球变暖。
第 12 段
而且,鉴于石油无论如何都会耗尽,在我们本来就必须找到一种不以碳氢化合物为基础的能源生产和消费方式时,却还要向大气中排放数万亿吨二氧化碳,再看看会发生什么——而结果可能是灾难性的——这毫无道理。所以,这就是一场愚蠢的实验。-我能借13亿美元吗——就借1个月。我会还你的。-好吧。-你很年轻时就开始创业了。
第 13 段
你会对那些想改变世界、拥有宏大构想的年轻人说什么?你能给出什么建议?-我是说,我认为人们最没有做到的一件事,就是他们太害怕尝试——他们不应该害怕失败,而应该直接去做。-快问快答——砰。你崇拜什么?-嗯,我其实不崇拜任何东西,但我确实致力于利用技术推动人类进步。
第 14 段
-技术永远无法取代什么?-我认为是人类的情感。-什么为你的创造力提供动力?-压力、必要性。-你会做什么来脱离工作、放松自己?-我会去火人节。那挺有意思的。-你去火人节?-当然。-你在那里做什么?-[ 轻笑 ] -那里就像疯狂版的《疯狂的麦克斯》遇上拉斯维加斯,再遇上《爱丽丝梦游仙境》。-你会戴上嬉皮士假发吗?-不会,我通常会穿某种服装。有一次我扮成了达斯·维达。
第 15 段
-你相信其他行星上存在生命吗?-我认为其他行星上很有可能存在简单生命。是否存在像意识这样的复杂生命,则是一个更大的疑问。-面对数万亿颗恒星和那数万亿颗行星,你难道不认为——说“我们可能是整个宇宙中进化程度最高的”,这不是一种傲慢的说法吗?-嗯,那个,不,我并不是说我们可能就是。
第 16 段
只是我认为意识出现的概率要低得多、低得多,尤其是在我们的银河系中。-科学和宗教能共存吗?-可能不能。-好吧。-[ 笑 ] -你祈祷吗?-甚至在我差点死于疟疾时,我都没有祈祷。-哇,那可真是不祈祷。-对。-你人生中的重大问题是什么?你个人苦苦思索的重大问题是什么?
第 17 段
-问题在于问题是什么,你知道,就像《银河系漫游指南》里那样。答案是“宇宙”。问题是什么?-世界上最伟大的企业家之一正坐在我的厢式车后面,谈论他曾经拥有的这些梦想——太空旅行、新能源、制造汽车、成为现实生活中的托尼·斯塔克。你的宏大构想是什么?你想怎样成为一名企业家?
第 18 段
你想追求怎样的热情或梦想,让世界变得更美好,把人类带到下一个层次?你能把它制作成视频上传,或者写在下方评论中吗?埃隆,你会看看这些视频和评论吗?-当然,绝对会。-太好了。这样吧——我给你吃一口。-[ 轻笑 ] -你给我一辆 Tesla。-听起来是笔不错的交易。-成交?-成交。[ 笑 ] -好耶!-[ 笑 ] -得分!-SoulPancake 订阅
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[ Explosion ] -Aah! -Well, well, well. Welcome to my talk show. -Aaaaaaaaaaah! -[ Chuckles ] -Take a sip from your soul On a metaphysical milkshake -[ Chuckles ] Tasty chicken burger. [ Laughs ] Sure. [ Laughs ] -You may be a billionaire... -Yeah. -... entrepreneur, inventor... man extraordinaire. You're not getting any of my chicken burger. -All right. No problem. I can do without the chicken burger. -It's so good. -[ Laughs ] -Mr.
Paragraph 2
Musk -- Can I call you "Mr. Musk"? -Yeah, sure. -Mr. Musk invented -- helped co-create PayPal and then Tesla Motors, and then -- if that's not enough -- SpaceX. And now you're in Solar -- What's it called, SolarCity? -Right. SolarCity, yeah. -You may be the first billionaire that has ever been in the back of a van before. So, as you know, this van has some very special, peculiar qualities. Where do you want to go? Anywhere.
Paragraph 3
Anywhere in the universe. -Mars. Wow, we're there. -Why did you want to go to Mars? -Because I think that's the best place where humanity can become a multi-planet species and a spacefaring civilization because I think that's one of the most important things that we could accomplish. In fact, I think it's important enough that it would actually fit on the scale of evolution itself.
Paragraph 4
You know, I think it's perhaps at least as important as life going from the oceans to land. The probability of consciousness existing for a long time would be much greater if we're on two planets. -Why would consciousness exist for a long time if we're on two planets? -Well, because if something catastrophic were to happen to Earth, then life would still exist on another planet. -You are much smarter than I am.
Paragraph 5
-[ Laughs ] -So, I just want to say that for the record. Now, how would that work for people to go Mars? Like, what would happen? -Well, you need to have a big spaceship that takes you to Mars, and then you have to land on Mars. -And then, what do the humans do when they're there? -Well, I think initially -- -Volleyball or what? -Initially, people would work on creating a Mars base.
Paragraph 6
We would have to live in pressurized domes, but over time you could terraform the planet and make it like earth. -But it's cold over there on Mars, isn't it? -Right, so you have to warm it up. -You'd need a lot of down comforters over there. -You would actually heat the planet up by emitting greenhouse gases, kind of what we're doing on Earth. We're learning a lot about that here on Earth.
Paragraph 7
So, we just do that on Mars, and that would warm the planet up. It would thicken the atmosphere. And then, the atmosphere on Mars is carbon dioxide, so as you grow plants the plants would convert the carbon dioxide into oxygen. -You can grow Earth plants in Mars soil? -That's correct. -Now, does this ship come back? -Yeah.
Paragraph 8
-When you go to Mars, are you all going to go, like, "I'm going to die on Mars," so you take healthy people that are just gonna plan on living the rest of their 30 to 40 years on Mars or something like that? -I think most people would go to Mars to move to Mars, but the spaceships would come back because otherwise it would be way too expensive to travel to Mars. -Could you imagine the first baby born on Mars? -Right, that would be huge.
Paragraph 9
-That would be freaky, right? -Yeah. A lot of pressure for that poor kid. -Right. -He'd be a Martian. -The first Martian. -The first Martian! -That's right. -What is it like to be named after the scent of an animal? -It certainly led to a lot of mocking in junior high. That's for sure. -I know what that feels like. My name is Rainn. -[ Chuckling ] Right, right. -So, I totally believe in science/ I mean science isn't something you believe in.
Paragraph 10
It's something that just is. But you had referenced kind of the reverse climate change. But what drives me crazy is the climate change deniers. And what is up with that? Has it just become so politicized that they have just stopped believing scientists? -I think often that it's phrased in the wrong way. Because they'll often say, "Well, how do we know for certain that CO2 emissions cause global warming?"
Paragraph 11
If you ask a scientist, "Do you know anything for certain," they will generally say, "Well, no, we don't know for certain. We know hardly anything for certain." -Right. -But the overwhelming opinion among the scientific community is that CO2 is causing global warming.
Paragraph 12
And given that we will run out of oil anyway, it doesn't make any sense to put trillions of tons of CO2 in the atmosphere and see what happens, which could be catastrophic, when we have to find a non-hydrocarbon-based way of generating and consuming energy anyway. So, it's just a dumb experiment. -Can I borrow $1. 3 billion -- just for a month. I'll pay you back. -All right. -You got started as an entrepreneur when you were really young.
Paragraph 13
What would you say to young people that want to change the world, that have big ideas? What advice could you give? -I mean, the biggest thing I think people fail to do is that they're too afraid to try things -- that they shouldn't be afraid of failing, and they should just go and do it. -Lightning round -- boom. What do you worship? -Well, I don't really worship anything, but I do devote myself to the advancement of humanity using technology.
Paragraph 14
-What can technology never replace? -I think human feeling. -What fuels your creativity? -Pressure, necessity. -What do you do to unplug and relax? -I go to Burning Man. That's pretty fun. -You go to Burning Man? -Sure. -What do you do there? -[ Chuckles ] -It's just like a crazy, sort of "Mad Max" meets Vegas meets "Alice in Wonderland." -Do you put on a hippie wig? -No, I usually have some kind of costume. I went as Darth Vader once.
Paragraph 15
-Do you believe there's life on other planets? -I think there's a good chance that there's simple life on other planets. It's much more of a question as to whether there's complex life like consciousness. -With all the trillions of stars and all those trillions of planets, you don't think that -- Isn't that an arrogant statement to say, "We're probably the most evolved in all of the universe? -Um, well, no, I'm not saying that we probably are.
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Just I think that the chances of consciousness are much, much lower, particularly in our galaxy. -Can science and religion coexist? -Probably not. -Okay. -[ Laughs ] -Do you pray? -I didn't even pray when I almost died of malaria. -Wow, that's really not praying. -Right. -What's your life's big question? What's the big question you personally wrestle with?
Paragraph 17
-The question of what is the question, you know, like from "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy." The answer is "the universe." What's the question? -One of the world's greatest entrepreneurs is here in the back of my van talking about how he had these dreams -- space travel, new energy sources, building cars, being a real-life Tony Stark. What's your big ideas? How do you want to be an entrepreneur?
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What kind of passion or dream do you want to pursue to make the world a better place to take humanity to the next level? Can you upload it on a video or write it down on the comments below? Elon, would you look at the videos and the comments? -Sure, absolutely. -Great. I'll tell you what -- I'll give you a bite. -[ Chuckles ] -You give me a Tesla. -Sounds like a good deal. -Deal? -Deal. [ Laughs ] -Yes! -[ Laughs ] -Score! -SoulPancake Subscribe